Commitment to tribal partners restores Shoalwater Bay Dune, protects Shoalwater Bay Tribe

USACE, Seattle District
Published Dec. 22, 2022
Aerial photo of Shoalwater Bay Dune, on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington.

Aerial photo taken Dec. 21, 2022, of Shoalwater Bay Dune, on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington. The newly restored dune incorporates dredged material from offshore to restore the degraded dune, cobble-sized rock to dissipate storm waves, and vegetation and fencing to help control wind-blown erosion. (Photo courtesy Shoalwater Bay Dune Tribe)

Photo of a portion of approximately 11,400 acres intertidal and uplands on the Shoalwater Reservation.

A portion of approximately 11,400 acres intertidal and uplands on the Shoalwater Reservation that the Shoalwater Bay Dune restoration project protects, against coastal erosion, flooding, and coastal storm damage. (Photo: Jeremy Ayala, USACE Omaha District)

Photo of Willapa Bay, one of the largest estuarine systems on the Pacific Ocean coast of Washington State.

A panoramic view of Willapa Bay, one of the largest estuarine systems on the Pacific Ocean coast of Washington State. The bay is approximately 28 miles north of the mouth of the Columbia River and 12 miles south of the entrance to Grays Harbor. Recent storms eroded the northern section of the protective barrier dune, which affects the safety of the Shoalwater Bay Tribe and increases flooding risk to millions of dollars of infrastructure in the area.

Photo of a front loader construction truck dumping its load of rock onto a dump truck,

A front loader construction truck drops its load of rock onto a dump truck, to transport the material along the culvert crossing, included among the Corps' activities to restore the Shoalwater Bay Dune, on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington. Of the $5.711 billion supplemental funds that Public Law 117-43 provides for the Army Civil Works Program, $40 million was designated to restore the Shoalwater Bay flood and coastal storm damage reduction berm.

Photo of a buggy crossing the culvert crossing on Shoalwater Bay Dune on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington.

A buggy leaves the culvert crossing, built to complete repairs to the Shaolwater Bay Dune, on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington, Sept. 29, 2022. Repairing the 4000 linear feet of the damaged northern section of the dune and restoring the barrier dune to its pre-damage level of protection, protects approximately 11,400 acres intertidal and uplands on the Shoalwater Reservation, and reduces coastal erosion, flooding, and coastal storm damage to the reservation and the Shoalwater Bay Tribe. After nine months, the USACE team of experts wrapped up construction on the $40 million project, in mid-November 2022.

Photo of construction truck and dump truck waiting to load road and transport materials.

A front loader construction truck and dump truck stand ready to load rocks and other materials along the culvert crossing to complete the Shoalwater Bay Dune restoration project on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington. The dune sustained a series of storm events that caused breaching and erosion along its northern section. After nine months, the USACE team of experts wrapped up construction on the $40 million project in mid-November 2022.

Photo of culvert crossing made of degraded dune, cobble/boulder sized rock, built to complete repairs to the Shaolwater Bay Dune, on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington, Sept. 29, 2022.

Sideview profile of the culvert crossing built to complete repairs to the Shaolwater Bay Dune, on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington, Sept. 29, 2022. Repairing the damaged dune to its pre-damage level of protection reduces coastal erosion, flooding, and coastal storm damage to the Shoalwater Reservation and the Shoalwater Bay Tribe. The newly restored dune incorporates dredged material from offshore to restore the degraded dune, cobble/boulder sized rock to dissipate storm waves, and vegetation and fencing to help control wind-blown erosion.

Photo of a row of corrugated steel pipes used to lay a culvert crossing along the Shoalwater Bay Dune on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington.

A row of corrugated steel pipes are tell-tale signs of the culvert crossing that the USACE integrated project team built to complete the repairs to the Shoalwater Bay Dune on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington. The dune sustained larger-than-forecast storm event in November 2020, which caused breaching and 100 percent loss of the dune cross-section. January 2021's storm led to further erosion and loss of the dune.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers partnered with the Shoalwater Bay Tribe to restore the Shoalwater Bay Dune on the Tokeland Peninsula, Washington, in time before the first major storm of 2022.  

The dune had sustained several storm events that caused breaching and 100 percent loss of the northern dune cross-section. Restoring the dune reduces flood and storm damage risk to human life, tribal facilities, and overall infrastructure. 

Capitalizing on its “Team of Teams” vision to fulfill its commitment to tribal partners, Seattle District leveraged Omaha District’s 41 years of rapid response expertise to provide time-sensitive dune restoration support. Together, they collaborated with the Shoalwater Bay Tribe to repair the damaged northern section of the dune.

The team had their work cut out for them: Working against the clock, and Mother Nature, to repair the dune before the next wave of storms arrived.

When the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the 2022 Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act passed in January 2022, USACE received nearly $69 million to aid Washington state projects. $40 million was designated to restore the Shoalwater Bay flood and coastal storm damage reduction berm. 

With money allocated but limited time to execute, the team began planning in February 2022. In June 2022, they began repairing the 4,000 linear feet of the damaged northern section of the dune, to restore it to its pre-damage level of protection.

Capt. Aurora Deangelis-Caban, Seattle District’s project manager, praised the “great collaboration on this project with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington State Department of Ecology and the Shoalwater Bay Tribe, to make sure every stage of this project was implemented in an environmentally responsible manner.” 

Chairwoman Charlene Nelson of the Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe thanked USACE for its dedication in completing the project and added, “They have worked with us to save our Tribal Reservation from rising sea waters for all of our Tribal members who live here now, and for all who will come after us.”  

Continuous dialogue between the team and the Shoalwater Bay Tribal community throughout the project’s life cycle ensured approximately 11,400 acres on the Shoalwater Reservation, cultural lands and ecologically significant wetlands were protected, and habitats on Graveyard and Empire for Endangered Species Act species like Western snowy plover and Streaked horned lark were sustained. These spits are among the most successful breeding areas for plover in Washington State.

USACE team members including Jeremy Ayala, a contracting officer's representative with Omaha District, described the Tribe’s input in discussions and project planning as pivotal to project success.  “The project shows the capabilities of a team when everyone works together to accomplish the same goal,” Ayala said.

The newly restored Shoalwater Bay Dune incorporates dredged material from offshore to restore the degraded dune, cobble-sized rock to dissipate storm waves, and sand fencing to help control wind-blown erosion. 

The Shoalwater Bay Dune Repair project, a federally authorized project under the Water Resources Development Act, includes constructing and maintaining coastal erosion protection and ecosystem restoration.